The Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority (FKAA) was created in 1937 by Special Legislation of the State of Florida. The FKAA is the sole provider of potable water for all of the residents of the Florida Keys and presently serves over 44,000 customers within Monroe County. Potable water is transported to the Keys through a 130 mile transmission pipeline with an additional 649 miles of distribution pipelines which deliver water to the customer's property.

In 1998 and 2002 , the Authority's Enabling Legislation was amended to redefine the primary purpose of the Authority to include collecting, treating and disposing of wastewater in certain areas of the Florida Keys.